Nina Rosenbusch

• Fourné, S. P. L.; Rosenbusch, N.; Heyden, M. L. M.; Jansen, J. J. P., 2019, "Structural and contextual approaches to ambidexterity: A meta-analysis of organizational and environmental contingencies", European Management Journal, October 37(5): 564 - 576.
  Abstract: This meta-analysis examines the conditions under which structural and contextual approaches help balance exploration and exploitation. Drawing on heterogeneous samples of prior ambidexterity studies, we apply moderated meta-analytic regression methods to 33,492 organizations sampled in 114 primary studies from 1991 to 2017 to test a contingency model. Our findings suggest that structural separation helps firms of all sizes to balance exploration and exploitation, and that structural separation is more conducive for balancing exploration and exploitation in high technology environments. Also, avoiding a structural separation approach benefits service firms. As research on ambidexterity enters the maturity stage we discuss the implications for future theory development, methodology, and for managers interested in developing ambidextrous organizations.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2019.04.002

• Fourne, S. P. L.; Rosenbusch, N.; Heyden, M. L. M.; Jansen, J. J. P., 2019, "Structural and contextual approaches to ambidexterity: A meta-analysis of organizational and environmental contingencies", European Management Journal, October 37(5): 564 - 576.
  Abstract: This meta-analysis examines the conditions under which structural and contextual approaches help balance exploration and exploitation. Drawing on heterogeneous samples of prior ambidexterity studies, we apply moderated meta-analytic regression methods to 33,492 organizations sampled in 114 primary studies from 1991 to 2017 to test a contingency model. Our findings suggest that structural separation helps firms of all sizes to balance exploration and exploitation, and that structural separation is more conducive for balancing exploration and exploitation in high technology environments. Also, avoiding a structural separation approach benefits service firms. As research on ambidexterity enters the maturity stage we discuss the implications for future theory development, methodology, and for managers interested in developing ambidextrous organizations.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2019.04.002

• Rosenbusch, N.; Gusenbauer, M.; Hatak, I.; Fink, M.; Meyer, K. E., 2019, "Innovation offshoring, institutional context and innovation performance: A meta analysis", Journal of Management Studies, January 56(1): 203 - 233.
  Abstract: Innovation offshoring (IO) has become a widespread management practice. Yet, evidence on the performance implications is inconsistent, and scattered across disciplines and contexts. We argue that the benefits firms can derive from IO depend on the institutional environment at home. Drawing on recent work on institutional theory in international business, we explore institutions that facilitate reverse knowledge transfer and/or institutional arbitrage with respect to innovation‐related activities. The results of our meta‐analysis that synthesizes evidence from 48 samples show that IO is related positively to innovation performance. As predicted, this relationship is moderated by differences in the institutional environments across countries. Specifically, when national innovation systems are weak at home, IO appears to enable institutional arbitrage strategy whereas Confucian cultures enable more effective reverse knowledge transfer. However, contrary to our expectations, the beneficial effects of IO appear to have diminished over time.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joms.12407

• Rauch, A.; Rosenbusch, N.; Unger, J.; Frese, M., 2016, "The effectiveness of cohesive and diversified networks: A meta-analysis", Journal of Business Research, February 69(2): 554 - 568.
  Abstract: The entrepreneurship literature recognizes the substantial contributions of networks to firm performance. However, the circumstances under which cohesive versus diversified networks drive firm performance remain unclear. To rectify this situation, the present meta-analysis integrates the results of 68 independent samples (N=16,364). The findings indicate both cohesive and diversified networks relate to performance (rc=164 and rc=182). Moderator analyses suggest that diversified networks are particularly effective for large firms, firms competing in innovative industries and in well-developed financial markets. Cohesive networks relate to performance in small firms but not in large firms. These findings suggest that the relationship between networks and performance is context-dependent.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.05.011

• Chliova, M.; Brinckmann, J.; Rosenbusch, N., 2015, "Is microcredit a blessing for the poor? A meta-analysis examining development outcomes and contextual considerations", Journal of Business Venturing, May 30(3): 467 - 487.
  Abstract: Increasing efforts aim at economic development and the reduction of poverty in developing countries through microcredit-enabled entrepreneurship. Following the award of the Nobel Peace Prize to Prof. Yunus, microcredit lending has risen to prominence and the volume of microcredit loans has increased substantially. However, theory on the outcomes of this financing form is controversial. Furthermore, the academic community lacks conclusive empirical evidence about the impact of such programs. Primary empirical studies report fragmented and to a large extent contradictory results. In this meta-analysis, we empirically synthesize a total of 545 quantitative empirical findings from 90 studies conducted to date. Our findings reveal a positive impact of microcredit on key development outcomes at the level of the client entrepreneurs. Additionally, we scrutinize how the development context influences the effectiveness of microcredit and find that microcredit generally has a greater impact in more challenging contexts. With our findings we contribute to research on the nexus of entrepreneurship and economic development, and offer recommendations for practitioners and academics working on this promising frontier.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2014.10.003

• Mueller, V.; Rosenbusch, N.; Bausch, A., 2013, "Success Patterns of Exploratory and Exploitative Innovation: A Meta-Analysis of the Influence of Institutional Factors", Journal of Management, September 39(6): 1606 - 1636.
  Abstract: Research has frequently argued that firms need to pursue exploratory and exploitative innovation strategies to be viable in an environment of technological change and intensified competition. However, it remains unclear whether exploratory and exploitative innovations are equally successful in different institutional environments. This meta-analysis synthesizes previous empirical findings to reveal under which institutional conditions firms benefit most from exploratory or exploitative innovation. We distinguish between institutional conditions that affect the success derived from exploratory and exploitative innovations through (a) the availability of resources and (b) attitudes toward innovation and the willingness of stakeholders to allocate resources to both innovation types. Our results show that national culture has a strong impact on the success of exploratory innovations, whereas only uncertainty avoidance influences the benefits derived from exploitative innovations. Socioeconomic conditions are equally important for the success of both innovation types. Our findings are of high practical relevance as due to increasing globalization more and more firms operate internationally and managers have choices regarding the location of their exploratory and exploitative innovation activities. © The Author(s) 2013.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206313484516

• Rosenbusch, N.; Brinckmann, J.; Müller, V., 2013, "Does acquiring venture capital pay off for the funded firms? A meta-analysis on the relationship between venture capital investment and funded firm financial performance", Journal of Business Venturing, May 28(3): 335 - 353.
  Abstract: Researchers and practitioners frequently propose that venture capital (VC) is an important resource to increase the performance of funded firms, especially in environments of uncertainty. In this paper we scrutinize these theoretical propositions, following an evidence-based research approach. We synthesize 76 empirical samples on 36,567 firms. We find a small positive performance effect of VC investment on funded firm performance; however, the effect vanishes if researchers control for industry selection effects. Furthermore, we find that the performance effect mainly relates to firm growth while profitability is unaffected. We also uncover that performance effects are reduced when the funded firms are very young or very mature. In addition, studies focusing on IPO events, which constitute the majority of studies, determine a substantially smaller performance effect. We discuss theoretical implications and offer suggestions for future research on VC. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.04.002

• Rosenbusch, N.; Rauch, A.; Bausch, A., 2013, "The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation in the Task Environment-Performance Relationship: A Meta-Analysis", Journal of Management, March 39(3): 633 - 659.
  Abstract: Despite the importance of the external task environment for firm performance, little is known about the mechanisms that enable firms to benefit from a specific environmental setting. The authors argue that firms adjust their entrepreneurial orientation (EO) to the external environment and use it as a mechanism to transform the advantages provided by the environment into above-average performance levels. Specifically, the authors use meta-analysis supplemented by structural equation modeling to explore the links among environmental munificence, hostility, dynamism and complexity, EO, and firm performance in a mediation model. The results suggest that environmental munificence, dynamism, and complexity affect EO and, in turn, firm performance. The authors discuss the meta-analytical findings with respect to their theoretical contribution and their practical implications. © The Author(s) 2011.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206311425612

• Rosenbusch, N.; Brinckmann, J.; Bausch, A., 2011, "Is innovation always beneficial? A meta-analysis of the relationship between innovation and performance in SMEs", Journal of Business Venturing, July 26(4): 441 - 457.
  Abstract: The performance implications of innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have attracted considerable interest among academics and practitioners. However, empirical research on the innovation-performance relationship in SMEs shows controversial results. This meta-analysis synthesizes empirical findings in order to obtain evidence whether and especially under which circumstances smaller, resource-scarce firms benefit from innovation. We find that innovation-performance relationship is context dependent. Factors such as the age of the firm, the type of innovation, and the cultural context affect the impact of innovation on firm performance to a large extent. © 2009 Elsevier Inc.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.12.002

• Unger, J. M.; Rauch, A.; Frese, M.; Rosenbusch, N., 2011, "Human capital and entrepreneurial success: A meta-analytical review", Journal of Business Venturing, May 26(3): 341 - 358.
  Abstract: The study meta-analytically integrates results from three decades of human capital research in entrepreneurship. Based on 70 independent samples (N=24,733), we found a significant but small relationship between human capital and success (rc=098). We examined theoretically derived moderators of this relationship referring to conceptualizations of human capital, to context, and to measurement of success. The relationship was higher for outcomes of human capital investments (knowledge/skills) than for human capital investments (education/experience), for human capital with high task-relatedness compared to low task-relatedness, for young businesses compared to old businesses, and for the dependent variable size compared to growth or profitability. Findings are relevant for practitioners (lenders, policy makers, educators) and for future research. Our findings show that future research should pursue moderator approaches to study the effects of human capital on success. Further, human capital is most important if it is task-related and if it consists of outcomes of human capital investments rather than human capital investments; this suggests that research should overcome a static view of human capital and should rather investigate the processes of learning, knowledge acquisition, and the transfer of knowledge to entrepreneurial tasks. © 2009 Elsevier Inc.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.09.004

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